![]() ![]() Note: Shutter speed values are not always possible in increments of exactly double or half another shutter speed, but they're always close enough that the difference is negligible. The above aperture and shutter speed combinations all result in the same exposure. There's a formula for this, but most photographers just memorize the f-stop numbers that correspond to each doubling/halving of light: Every time the f-stop value halves, the light-collecting area quadruples. In photographer slang, when someone says they are "stopping down" or "opening up" their lens, they are referring to increasing and decreasing the f-stop value, respectively.īy the Numbers. It is specified in terms of an f-stop value, which can at times be counterintuitive, because the area of the opening increases as the f-stop decreases. APERTURE SETTINGĪ camera's aperture setting controls the area over which light can pass through your camera lens. If a properly focused photo comes out blurred, then you'll usually need to either increase the shutter speed, keep your hands steadier or use a camera tripod.įor more on this topic, see the tutorial on Using Camera Shutter Speed Creatively. How do you know which shutter speed will provide a sharp hand-held shot? With digital cameras, the best way to find out is to just experiment and look at the results on your camera's rear LCD screen (at full zoom). Therefore all one usually cares about with shutter speed is whether it results in a sharp photo - either by freezing movement or because the shot can be taken hand-held without camera shake. With waterfalls and other creative shots, motion blur is sometimes desirable, but for most other shots this is avoided. It's also the setting that has the widest range of possibilities: For example, when the exposure time doubles the amount of light entering the camera doubles. Shutter speed's influence on exposure is perhaps the simplest of the three camera settings: it correlates exactly 1:1 with the amount of light entering the camera. "Shutter speed" and "exposure time" refer to the same concept, where a faster shutter speed means a shorter exposure time.īy the Numbers. The shutter speed specifically refers to how long this light is permitted to enter the camera. SHUTTER SPEEDĪ camera's shutter determines when the camera sensor will be open or closed to incoming light from the camera lens. The next few sections will describe how each setting is specified, what it looks like, and how a given camera exposure mode affects their combination. For example, aperture affects depth of field, shutter speed affects motion blur and ISO speed affects image noise. The key, however, is knowing which trade-offs to make, since each setting also influences other image properties. ![]() One can therefore use many combinations of the above three settings to achieve the same exposure. EXPOSURE TRIANGLE: APERTURE, ISO & SHUTTER SPEEDĮach setting controls exposure differently:Īperture: controls the area over which light can enter your camera Shutter speed: controls the duration of the exposure ISO speed: controls the sensitivity of your camera's sensor to a given amount of light Furthermore, just as the rate of rainfall was beyond your control above, so too is natural light for a photographer. In photography, the exposure settings of aperture, shutter speed and ISO speed are analogous to the width, time and quantity discussed above. Alternatively, for the same duration left in the rain, a really narrow bucket can be used as long as you plan on getting by with less water. For example, for the same quantity of water, you can get away with less time in the rain if you pick a bucket that's really wide. The key is that there are many different combinations of width, time and quantity that will achieve this. You just need to ensure you don't collect too little ("underexposed"), but that you also don't collect too much ("overexposed"). While the rate of rainfall is uncontrollable, three factors remain under your control: the bucket's width, the duration you leave it in the rain, and the quantity of rain you want to collect. ![]() Achieving the correct exposure is a lot like collecting rain in a bucket. ![]()
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